解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and toxicity of cyclosporin A in patients with severe, treatment-refractory rheumatoid arthritis. DESIGN:Prospective randomized, double-blind 6-month trial. PATIENTS:Thirty-one patients who had classic seropositive rheumatoid arthritis with active synovitis unresponsive to conve...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-11-863
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine if the combination of ganciclovir and intravenous cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin is effective in patients with cytomegalovirus pneumonia after bone marrow transplant. DESIGN:Consecutive entry trial with treatment for a minimum of 14 days. PATIENTS:Consecutive sample of 25 patients with bo...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-10-783
更新日期:1988-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the factors that distinguish terminally ill, incompetent patients who are given do-not-resuscitate status by physicians against the wishes of the patient's family, I reviewed the charts of 20 such patients (cases) seen in consultation by the ethics committee at the Massachusetts General Hospital over 10 ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-10-819
更新日期:1988-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::As a result of important advances in medical imaging, the oral cholecystogram is no longer the primary test of gallbladder function and anatomy. Real-time ultrasonography and cholescintigraphy, both highly sensitive and specific tests, are the two major methods for assessing gallbladder pathology. Oral cholecystograph...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-9-722
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of the addition of ifosfamide to cisplatin plus etoposide (VIP), or vinblastine (VeIP), in patients with recurrent germ cell tumors. DESIGN:Nonrandomized, prospective phase II trial. SETTING:Tertiary referral university hospital. PATIENTS:Fifty-six of fifty-eight entered pat...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-7-540
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-two studies (2889 subjects) that investigated the prevalence of the causes of dementia were critically reviewed. Particular attention was paid to potential and actual reversibility. Although dementia manifests itself primarily in old age (particularly age 75 and older), the mean age of patients for the studies ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-6-476
更新日期:1988-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the association between current non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and fatal peptic ulcers or upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. DESIGN:Nested case control study using a linked Medicaid-death certificate database. SETTING:Tennessee Medicaid enrollees aged 60 and g...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-5-359
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To describe the clinical and epidemiologic features of Vibrio vulnificus infections. DESIGN:Case series based on notifiable disease report forms and patient medical records. SETTING:Cases reported to the Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services from 1981 to 1987. PATIENTS:Sixty-two pa...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-4-318
更新日期:1988-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Adult T-cell leukemia associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is characterized by a clonal expansion of a CD4-positive subset of T lymphocytes that constitutively express high numbers of interleukin-2 receptors and that frequently infiltrate the skin; osteolytic bone lesions, and hypercalcemia. Usi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-4-274
更新日期:1988-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The Residency Program in Social Medicine at Montefiore Medical Center is a collaborative, integrated training program for primary care pediatricians, internists, and family physicians within one interdisciplinary organization. Since 1970 we have trained more than 200 physicians, prepared them for board certification i...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-4-324
更新日期:1988-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The purposes and applications of informed consent are the subject of confusion and controversy according to a President's Commission report. The Commission suggests shared decision making as the new ideal for physician-patient relationships, but notes that such a changed ideal will not be initiated by court action. Th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-3-234
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with end-stage renal disease, nervous system dysfunction remains a major cause of disability. Patients with chronic renal failure who have not yet received dialysis may have symptoms ranging from mild sensorial clouding to delirium and coma. Dialysis itself is associated with at least three distinct disord...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-2-143
更新日期:1988-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::During the last 2 years, the use of pulsed Doppler echocardiography for assessing left ventricular diastolic function has received increased attention. This method is based on measurements derived from a waveform that reflects the velocity of blood flow through the mitral valve during ventricular filling. The techniqu...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-2-122
更新日期:1988-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine whether obesity preceded knee osteoarthritis and was thus a possible cause. DESIGN:Cohort study with weight and other important variables measured in 1948 to 1951 (mean age of subjects, 37 years) and knee arthritis evaluated in 1983 to 1985 (mean age of subjects, 73 years). SETTING:Popula...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-1-18
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of weight-bearing exercise training and subsequent detraining on lumbar bone mineral content in postmenopausal women. DESIGN:Non-randomized, controlled, short-term (9 months) trial and long-term (22 months) exercise training and detraining (13 months). SETTING:Section of applied p...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-6-824
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To assess respiratory muscle fatigue in acute respiratory failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and evaluate its influence on weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. DESIGN AND PATIENTS:We studied the time course of tracheal occlusion pressure (P0.1) and high-to-low ratio...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-6-800
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three patients had diverticulitis and extraintestinal manifestations of arthritis and pyoderma gangrenosum. In each, a mistaken diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease was first made because of extraintestinal complaints associated with the gastrointestinal symptoms of diverticular disease. The joint and sk...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-5-700
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research on human macrophage activation has reemphasized the critical role of the lymphokine-secreting T cell in converting quiescent macrophages to efficient microbicidal phagocytes. Interferon-gamma, a key lymphokine secreted by antigen-triggered T4+ helper cells, is capable of inducing the macrophage to act ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-4-595
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the effectiveness of chemotherapy and adjunctive surgery in managing patients with advanced seminoma. DESIGN:Nonrandomized prospective clinical trial of chemotherapy in a cohort of patients with advanced seminoma. SETTING:Referral cancer hospital. PATIENTS:Consecutive sample of 62 patien...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-4-513
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To compare single-dose and 10-day treatment regimens of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in women with acute dysuria, urgency, or urinary frequency. DESIGN:Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING:Student health center at a major university. PATIENTS:Consecutive sample of 255 young wo...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-350
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequent cancer worldwide, responsible for approximately 1,000,000 deaths annually, most of them in the Far East and in sub-Saharan Africa. It usually presents at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. There is evidence of an etiologic role for hepatitis B virus infection in t...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-390
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the efficacy of hepatitis vaccine is well documented, the duration of immunity of healthy adults after vaccination is unknown. We studied 245 hospital employees 3 years after primary vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine to determine the prevalence of immunity indicated by levels of antibody to hepatitis B sur...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-2-185
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease are thought to have painless myocardial ischemia more often than patients without diabetes. We studied 50 consecutive patients with diabetes and 50 consecutive patients without diabetes, all with ischemia, on exercise thallium scintigraphy to show the reliabi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-2-170
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may cause viral antigenemia, detected primarily as p24 viral core protein. Among 16 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex studied serially, 12 had or developed antigenemia ranging from 16 to 3006 pg/mL in plasma. The level ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-108-2-175
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the 5 years since its release for clinical use, acyclovir (9-[2-hydroxyethoxymethyl]guanine) has proved to be a safe and effective agent for therapy of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster infections. The drug's availability in topical, oral, and intravenous preparations has allowed its use in a range of clinical si...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-6-859
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four hemodialysis patients receiving deferoxamine for metal overload had fatal rhinocerebral rhizopus infections. Serious fungal infections are not commonly seen in patients on dialysis, and none of these patients had the usual risk factors for rhizopus infection. Deferoxamine is being used with increased frequency in...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-5-678
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a model to project morbidity, mortality, and costs attributable to type A influenza virus infections in nursing homes and to evaluate the relative benefits and costs of programs for prevention and control. Influenza vaccination was the most cost-effective intervention under various simulations in the mode...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-5-732
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since 1970, forty-two patients with pulmonary hypertension due to chronic, thromboembolic obstruction of the major pulmonary arteries have had pulmonary thromboendarterectomy at the University of California, San Diego, and the San Diego Veterans Medical Centers. Duration of symptoms before admission averaged 4.4 years...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-4-560
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We retrospectively reviewed the therapeutic efficacy of antithyroid drugs for Graves disease. Sixty-nine patients were divided into three categories according to their response: 28 (40.6%) were unable to achieve a remission; 6 (8.7%) achieved a remission and subsequently had a relapse; and 35 (50.7%) were able to sust...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-4-510
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The causes, therapy for, and consequences of hypernatremia in elderly patients are not well understood. We found that in 15,187 consecutive hospital admissions, 162 (1.1%) patients who were at least 60 years of age had serum sodium levels that measured greater than 148 meq/L. Of that 162, 57% had become hypernatremic ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-309
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence on the safety and efficacy of methotrexate as a second- or third-line agent for treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis is reviewed. Four placebo-controlled clinical trials have documented short-term benefit from methotrexate; although true remission is rare, patients receiving methotrexate showed a 26% (...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-358
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subacute encephalitis caused by infection of the central nervous system by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the most frequent cause of neurologic dysfunction in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This disorder results in progressive cognitive, motor, and behavioral abnormalities in a...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-383
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine (ganciclovir) was used to treat 41 patients (median age, 37 years) with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal infection. Sites of infection were the colon in 31, the esophagus in 5, the rectum in 4, and the small bowel in 1. Patients recei...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-133
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A national registry was begun in 1981 to collect data from 32 centers on patients diagnosed by uniform criteria as having primary pulmonary hypertension. Entered into the registry were 187 patients with a mean age (+/- SD) of 36 +/- 15 years (range, 1 to 81), and a female-to-male ratio of 1.7:1 overall. The mean inter...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-216
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meta-analysis is the process of combining study results that can be used to draw conclusions about therapeutic effectiveness or to plan new studies. We review important design and statistical issues of this process. The design issues include protocol development, objectives, literature search, publication bias, measur...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-224
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between 1978 and 1985, the number of active internists in the United States increased from 64,000 to 91,000, and by 1998 the number will have increased to 141,000. This growth represents an increase of 121% for a 20-year period, during which time the population of the United States is expected to increase only 19%. Th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-1-93
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The syndrome of bulimia is a common disorder and can be associated with serious psychological and physical morbidity. Unfortunately, many patients are reluctant to discuss their symptoms with their physicians and few clues can be found on physical examination to aid in the diagnosis. Possible physical signs include ul...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-1-71
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a 4.4-year period, nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis was seen in 41 of 110 (38%) patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and accounted for 32% (48/152) of all episodes of clinical pneumonitis. Diffuse alveolar damage was typically a feature of nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis, but neither lu...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-1-7
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein S activity may be compromised in patients with the nephrotic syndrome and contribute to a thrombotic diathesis. Protein S is found in two forms in plasma as free and functionally active protein S, and complexed to C4b-binding protein. When compared with controls, patients with nephrotic syndrome had reduced fu...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-107-1-42
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocarditis is a relatively frequent infection in intravenous drug users. We compared features in the cases of 102 patients with those in intravenous drug users with other causes of fever to identify risk factors predictive of endocarditis. Logistic regression analysis showed cocaine use to be strongly associated wit...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-106-6-833
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00